Fascism Essay -- essays research papers

What is Fascism? Fascism is a 20th century form of nationalistic, militaristic, undemocratic dictatorship that seeks to create a feasible society through exact regimentation of national and individual lives. Total subordination to the service of the state and inexplicit loyalty to its leader would adjust conflicting interests. It is a modern semi policy-making ideology that looks to regenerate the social, economic, and cultural life of a country by basing it on a heightened sense of national belonging of ethnic identity. Fascism rejects grownup ideas of freedom and individual rights, it often presses for the destruction of elections, legislatures and other elements of democracy. Despite fascisms idealistic goals, tests to build fascist societies have led to wars and persecutions that have caused millions of deaths (notably WWII and the Holocaust). As a result, fascism is strongly associated with right-wing fanaticism, racism, totalitarianism and violence. Fascist movements opp ose much(prenominal) doctrines as liberalism, individualism, materialism, communism and conservatism. In general, fascists stand against only scientific, economic, religious, academic, cultural and empty activities that do not serve their vision of a national political life. Fascism emphasised nationalism, but its appeal was international. Fascist political parties and movements capitalised on the trigger-happy patriotism that emerged as a response to widespread social and political uncertainty after World War I (1914-1918) and the Russian renewing of 1917. It flourished between the so called fascist era of 1919 and 1945 in galore(postnominal) countries in general Italy, Ger many an(prenominal), Spain and Japan. Even such liberal democracies as France and England had important fascist movements. Scholars dissent over how to define the basic elements of fascism, more or less even insist it was circumscribed to Italy under Mussolini. When the term is capitalised as Fascism, it refers to the Italian movement. Beginning in the 1970s, some scholars began to develop a broad definition of fascism and by the 1990s many had embraced the new approach. This new approach emphasises the way in which fascist movements attempt revolutionary change and their central focus on popularising apologues of ethnic or national renewal. Seen from this prospective, all forms of fascism have three common features anticonservatism, a myth of national or ethnic renewal and ... ...vation less acutely than others. entirely political parties except the fascists, were banned and trade unions were almost made illegal. or else workers and employers were made to join Corporations, which were meant to sort out the differences between them. Newspapers and books were censored and all education was controlled. 1922 was renamed Year One and all school books were rewritten. Boys were expected to run short good soldiers and all students were encouraged to join organisations which taught them how to be better fascists. Mussolini began a series of schemes to improve the Italian economy, he called these the Battles. He tried to dupe Italy self sufficient in food, farmers were encouraged to grow more wheat ( the Battle for Grain). Families were encouraged to have more children, the Battle for Births and land for tillage was reclaimed, the Battle for Land. Women were discouraged from working horse riding and wearing trousers instead they were encouraged to stay at home and have as many children as possible. In 1940 Mussolini reviewed a parade of 180 married couples who had produced 1544, the mothers were devoted gold medals for their service to the nation.